Battery can generally be divided into the kinds of lead-acid batteries, lead-acid maintenance-free batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries, etc., considering the load condition, using the environment, service life and cost factors, such as UPS generally choose valve control type lead acid battery without maintenance.Its main characteristic is in charge on the positive plate produce oxygen, through the recombination reaction on the negative plate back into water, when used in floating period need not add water to maintain life, so also known as maintenance-free lead-acid batteries.Free maintenance is compared with ordinary battery, in use process removes add pure water or distilled water, adjust the working electrolyte level, is not spared all maintenance work.On the contrary, for the realization of the UPS uninterruptible power supply, to be more careful to preventive maintenance and good lead-acid maintenance-free battery.
The following introduction to some main factors influencing the service life of the battery and use process should pay attention to matters:
(1) the environment temperature on the battery is larger, the influence of environment temperature is too high, can make the battery charging produces gas, the environment temperature is too low, can make the battery is not enough, it will ring service life of the battery.So generally demand about environmental temperature 25 ℃, UPS float charging voltage value is set according to the temperature.On a practical application, battery recharged within 5 ℃ ~ 35 ℃, lower than 5 ℃ or above 35 ℃ will reduce the capacity of the battery, shorten service life.
(2) affect the service life of the battery discharge depth is very big also, the deeper the depth of the battery discharge, the number of recycling the less, so when use should avoid deep discharge.Although has the battery low voltage protection function, UPS generally single battery discharge to about 10.5 V, the UPS will automatically shut down, but if the UPS under light load or under the condition of no-load discharge, discharge can cause deep discharge of the battery.
(3) battery in the process of storage, transportation, installation, part of the capacity for self-discharge will be lost.Before put into use after installation, therefore, should be based on the open circuit voltage of the battery to determine the residual capacity of battery, and then adopt different methods to the battery charged to supplement.To spare on battery, every 3 months should be a supplementary charge.Can be judged by measuring the battery open circuit voltage of battery, 12 V batteries, for example, if the open circuit voltage is higher than 12.5 V, indicates the battery energy storage and more than 80%, if the open circuit voltage is lower than 12.5 V, you should immediately to supplement charge, if the open circuit voltage is lower than 12 V, says batteries to store electrical energy is less than 20%, the battery use.
(4) the battery charge and discharge current general with C, C the actual values related to the battery capacity.For example, the 100 ah battery: C = 100 a.The best charging current panasonic lead-acid maintenance-free battery is about 0.1 C, the charging current is not greater than 0.3 C.Charging current is too large or too small will affect the service life of the battery.Discharge current general requirements between 0.05 ~ 3 c, UPS can satisfy this requirement in normal use, but also to prevent the occurrence of unexpected circumstances, such as battery short circuit, etc.
(5) charging voltage, because UPS battery are alternate way of working, the mains under normal circumstances is in charging status, only the power failure will discharge.To prolong the service life of the battery, charger UPS generally adopt the way of constant voltage current limiting control, after the battery to a floating state, each section about float charging voltage is set to 13.6 V.If charging voltage too gao will make the battery charging, instead will make the battery.Charging voltage abnormal, may be caused by the battery configuration errors, or because the charger failure, so when installing the battery, it is important to note that the battery of the correctness of the specification and quantity, different specifications, different batches of the battery don't mix.Plus the charger don't use inferior charger, and to consider heat dissipation problem during installation.At present, in order to further improve the Battery life, Advanced UPS is a kind of ABM (Advanced 'Management) three phase intelligent Battery Management solutions, namely, charging into initialization, float charging and rest three stages: the first stage is the constant current equalizing charge, charge the Battery capacity to 90%;The second phase is floating charge, charge the battery capacity to 100%, then stop charging.The third stage is the natural discharge, in this stage, the battery to use their electric leakage exile, until the specified voltage limit, repeat the above three stages.This way has changed after the charge before, still make a battery in the 24 h of floating state, thus prolong the life of the battery.
Accumulator is an important component part of UPS power supply system, their quality is directly related to the reliability of the UPS power supply system, no matter how advanced design of UPS, how complete function, once the battery failure, it is a good UPS can't provide uninterrupted power supply.Because users must not covet is cheap and choose inferior battery, it will affect the reliability of the whole UPS system, and can therefore causing a greater loss.
Battery is the mean time between failures in the UPS power supply system (MTBF) of the weakest part.If you can correct use and maintenance, can prolong the service life, and will make it will shorten the service life.Therefore, to understand the basic principle of storage battery and use the matters needing attention.
(6) is a maintenance free batteries due to absorption electrolyte system, does not produce any gases during normal use, but if the user use undeserved, cause the battery charging, can produce gas, the battery internal pressure will increase, the battery will be the pressure valve on the top open, serious when they make a battery burst.
(7) UPS in the running process, must pay attention to the monitoring value of battery terminal voltage, floating charge current value and the value of each battery voltage, battery and dc bus to ground resistance and insulation status.
(8) don't increase or decrease in the battery pack alone several monomer battery load, this will cause a imbalance of monomer battery capacity and charging one sex inequality, reduce the service life of batteries.
(9) the battery should be installed in clean, cool, ventilated and dry place, and to avoid exposure to sunlight, heaters, or other radiation heat source.Battery should be is placed, not tilt.Each battery terminal connected to firm.
(10) regular maintenance, battery in use after a certain period of time should be checked regularly, such as observe whether the appearance is abnormal, measuring the battery voltage is average, etc.;If no power for a long time, the battery will always be in charge, it will make the activity of cells, so even without a power outage, UPS also need on a regular basis to maintain active battery discharge test.Discharge test can generally be once every three months, best practice is UPS on load in more than 50%, and then disconnect mains, make UPS battery discharge, discharge duration depending on the battery capacity is generally for a few minutes to a few minutes, restore the mains power supply after discharge, continue to the battery.
Clear the main factors affecting the service life of the lead-acid battery and the matters for attention in use process, the proper use and maintenance of lead-acid battery in UPS system has a lot of help.